Occupation · SOC 23-1021
Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers
Conduct hearings to recommend or make decisions on claims concerning government programs or other government-related matters. Determine liability, sanctions, or penalties, or recommend the acceptance or rejection of claims or settlements.
Median wage
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Projected growth
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—
Annual openings
—
per year
Employed (US)
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Job Zone 5
Typical preparation
Extensive preparation
Stackable credential programs
69 mapped
Core skills
Reading ComprehensionCritical ThinkingActive ListeningWritingJudgment and Decision MakingSpeakingSocial PerceptivenessComplex Problem SolvingActive LearningMonitoringTime ManagementNegotiationService OrientationPersuasionLearning StrategiesCoordinationSystems EvaluationSystems AnalysisInstructingManagement of Personnel ResourcesMathematicsOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignManagement of Financial ResourcesScienceManagement of Material ResourcesProgrammingOperations MonitoringQuality Control AnalysisTroubleshootingRepairingOperation and ControlInstallationEquipment SelectionEquipment Maintenance
Knowledge areas
Law and GovernmentEnglish LanguageCustomer and Personal ServiceAdministrativeMedicine and DentistryAdministration and ManagementComputers and ElectronicsMathematicsTherapy and CounselingPersonnel and Human ResourcesPsychologyPublic Safety and SecurityEducation and TrainingCommunications and MediaTransportationSociology and AnthropologyBiologyEconomics and AccountingTelecommunicationsProduction and ProcessingPhilosophy and TheologyMechanicalBuilding and ConstructionForeign LanguageGeographyEngineering and TechnologyHistory and ArcheologyChemistryDesignPhysicsSales and MarketingFood ProductionFine Arts
Technology & tools
Adobe AcrobatCourtroom scheduling softwareEmail softwareInstant messaging softwareLexisNexisMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft WindowsMicrosoft WordOnline databasesSAP softwareThomson Reuters WestlawVideoconferencing softwareWeb browser softwareWord processing software
Representative tasks
Making Decisions and Solving ProblemsGetting InformationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeProcessing InformationIdentifying Objects, Actions, and EventsResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersAnalyzing Data or InformationCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeoplePerforming Administrative ActivitiesDocumenting/Recording InformationWorking with ComputersEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsThinking CreativelyScheduling Work and ActivitiesProviding Consultation and Advice to OthersSelling or Influencing OthersAssisting and Caring for OthersTraining and Teaching OthersMonitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsCoaching and Developing OthersCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesDeveloping and Building TeamsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or EquipmentControlling Machines and ProcessesPerforming General Physical ActivitiesHandling and Moving ObjectsStaffing Organizational UnitsRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentDrafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and EquipmentInspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials
Competency framework
Skill expectations by proficiency level.
emerging
Claim applications and supporting documents — review and identify relevant data fields under the guidance of a supervising adjudicator in an administrative hearing office.Applicable laws and regulations — locate and summarize foundational statutes using legal research databases while preparing assigned case files.Hearing procedures and procedural protocols — observe and follow established formats during initial exposure to administrative hearings in a regulatory agency setting.Legal precedents and prior decisions — recognize and catalog relevant precedent cases under supervision when preparing background research for scheduled hearings.Written case summaries — draft preliminary factual summaries from reviewed records such as birth certificates, medical reports, and employer documentation under close oversight.Claimant rights and due-process requirements — identify and apply basic procedural safeguards during initial claim intake activities in a social program eligibility context.Document management software and legal case systems — operate entry-level functions to retrieve, organize, and store case files within an administrative tribunal's technology environment.Liability determination factors — compile factual checklists drawn from current laws and administrative precedents under direct instruction from a senior hearing officer.Active listening and oral comprehension skills — demonstrate attentive reception of testimony and arguments during observed or shadowed administrative proceedings.Time management and case scheduling principles — apply assigned docket management guidelines to prioritize and track multiple pending case files under supervisory direction.
developing
Claim liability analysis — determine the existence and preliminary amount of liability by applying current laws and administrative precedents to moderately complex cases with limited oversight.Hearing proceedings — conduct structured administrative hearings on defined issues such as social program eligibility or health and safety enforcement in a regulated agency environment.Written decisions and opinions — prepare clear, well-reasoned draft opinions and decisions that accurately reflect applicable law, regulatory policy, and case evidence.Valid payment authorizations — evaluate and authorize payment of substantiated claims, selecting appropriate payment methods in accordance with agency guidelines and governing statutes.Legal research and analysis — independently research laws, regulations, and precedent decisions to prepare for hearings and derive defensible legal conclusions in routine cases.Evidentiary document review — critically evaluate data from claim applications, physician records, and employer documentation to assess credibility and relevance in contested matters.Settlement recommendations — recommend acceptance, rejection, or compromise of claims in alignment with precedent decisions and agency regulatory policy across a defined caseload.Complex problem-solving in contested hearings — apply inductive and deductive reasoning to reconcile conflicting evidence and competing legal arguments in familiar adjudicative contexts.Social perceptiveness and impartiality — monitor participant conduct and apply procedural fairness standards consistently to protect the legal rights of all parties during hearings.Information retrieval tools and legal databases — efficiently query specialized legal management software and database systems to support thorough pre-hearing research and case preparation.
proficient
Liability determinations in complex cases — autonomously determine liability existence and amount across multifaceted legal scenarios by synthesizing statutory law, judicial precedent, and extensive evidentiary records.Full hearing administration — independently monitor and direct all phases of contested hearings and trials to ensure procedural fairness, evidentiary integrity, and the administration of justice.Authoritative written opinions — craft comprehensive, legally precise opinions and decisions that withstand appellate scrutiny and clearly articulate reasoning across a full spectrum of case types.Payment authorization and remedy determination — evaluate and authorize payment of valid claims while determining the most legally appropriate and equitable method of payment in complex regulatory matters.Advanced legal research strategy — design and execute thorough research strategies across laws, regulations, policies, and precedents to resolve novel or highly technical legal questions in preparation for hearings.Multi-issue hearing conduct — preside over proceedings involving intersecting issues — such as environmental protection, medical eligibility, and safety regulation enforcement — managing all procedural and substantive dimensions without assistance.Comprehensive document and record analysis — independently review and evaluate extensive sets of technical documents, including medical, financial, and regulatory records, drawing accurate legal conclusions in non-routine circumstances.Claims settlement adjudication — independently recommend or decide the acceptance, rejection, or settlement of contested claims through rigorous application of legal standards and agency precedent across diverse subject matter areas.Negotiation and dispute resolution — apply advanced negotiation and persuasion techniques to facilitate resolution of disputed claims or procedural conflicts within formal administrative hearing environments.Learning agility and legal updating — proactively assimilate new legislation, regulatory amendments, and landmark precedents to maintain current adjudicative competence across all assigned subject-matter jurisdictions.
advanced
Adjudicative policy and legal standards — establish and promulgate agency-wide hearing standards and liability determination frameworks that align with evolving law and advance consistent, equitable decision-making at scale.Institutional hearing integrity — set strategic direction for tribunal operations to ensure systemic fairness, due-process compliance, and protection of party rights across the full docket of an administrative body.Precedent-setting written opinions — author landmark decisions and opinions that shape agency legal interpretation, influence regulatory policy, and serve as authoritative references for peer adjudicators.Organizational payment and claims policy — lead the design and oversight of agency-wide claims authorization and payment determination policies, ensuring legal compliance and fiscal accountability across program areas.Strategic legal research frameworks — direct the development of institutional research methodologies and knowledge-management systems that equip all adjudicators with current legal and regulatory intelligence.Adjudicator development and mentorship — design and lead training programs, mentoring initiatives, and performance standards that elevate competency across an entire corps of hearing officers and adjudicators.Cross-agency legal coordination — lead collaborative initiatives with legislative bodies, regulatory agencies, and judicial stakeholders to align administrative adjudication practices with evolving statutory and constitutional requirements.Complex multi-party hearing leadership — preside over and resolve high-profile, precedent-rich proceedings involving multiple jurisdictions or competing regulatory mandates, setting procedural norms for the broader tribunal.Technology and process modernization — direct the selection, implementation, and governance of document management, legal research, and case-processing technologies to improve efficiency and accuracy across the adjudicative enterprise.Ethics, integrity, and institutional accountability — champion and enforce the highest standards of judicial conduct, conflict-of-interest management, and impartiality throughout the adjudicative organization, modeling professional integrity at the executive level.
Also known as
33 alternate job titles map to this occupation.
Adjudications SpecialistAdjudicatorAdministrative Hearing OfficerAdministrative Hearings OfficerAdministrative JudgeAdministrative Law JudgeAppeals ExaminerAppeals OfficerAppeals RefereeAppellate ConfereeChild Support Hearing OfficerClaims AdjudicatorClinical Appeals ReviewerCounty OrdinaryDisability Hearing OfficerDisciplinary Hearing OfficerField Hearing OfficerHearing ExaminerHearing OfficerHearings ExaminerHearings OfficerHousing Court JudgeJustice of the PeaceLegal Activity AdjudicatorMedicaid Disability Claims AdjudicatorParole Hearing OfficerSocial Security Administrative Law JudgeTraffic Court RefereeUS Administrative Law Judge (United States Administrative Law Judge)Veteran Appeals ReviewerWorkers' Compensation Administrative Law JudgeWorkers' Compensation Hearings OfficerWorkers' Compensation Magistrate