Occupation · SOC 19-3032
Industrial-Organizational Psychologists
Apply principles of psychology to human resources, administration, management, sales, and marketing problems. Activities may include policy planning; employee testing and selection, training, and development; and organizational development and analysis. May work with management to organize the work setting to improve worker productivity.
Median wage
$109,840
$51,880–$224,590
Projected growth
—
—
Annual openings
—
per year
Employed (US)
1,050
Job Zone 5
Typical preparation
Extensive preparation
Stackable credential programs
681 mapped
Core skills
Reading ComprehensionActive ListeningWritingSpeakingJudgment and Decision MakingCritical ThinkingSystems EvaluationComplex Problem SolvingSystems AnalysisSocial PerceptivenessMonitoringActive LearningSciencePersuasionCoordinationTime ManagementLearning StrategiesInstructingOperations AnalysisMathematicsService OrientationManagement of Personnel ResourcesNegotiationProgrammingManagement of Material ResourcesManagement of Financial ResourcesQuality Control AnalysisOperations MonitoringTechnology DesignTroubleshootingRepairingOperation and ControlInstallationEquipment SelectionEquipment Maintenance
Knowledge areas
Personnel and Human ResourcesPsychologyEducation and TrainingAdministration and ManagementMathematicsEnglish LanguageCustomer and Personal ServiceLaw and GovernmentSociology and AnthropologyComputers and ElectronicsCommunications and MediaTherapy and CounselingAdministrativeSales and MarketingPhilosophy and TheologyEconomics and AccountingEngineering and TechnologyPublic Safety and SecurityTelecommunicationsProduction and ProcessingForeign LanguageGeographyDesignTransportationBiologyHistory and ArcheologyMedicine and DentistryFine ArtsMechanicalPhysicsFood ProductionChemistryBuilding and Construction
Technology & tools
Adobe AcrobatAssessment Systems Corporation XCALIBREGoogle SheetsHuman resource information system (HRIS)Hypertext markup language HTMLIBM SPSS StatisticsLearning management system LMSMentimeterMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft VisioMicrosoft WordMuthen & Muthen MplusOracle PeopleSoftPadletPsychometric testing softwareSASScientific Software International BILOG-MGScientific Software International HLMScientific Software International LISRELScientific Software International MULTILOGScientific Software International PARSCALEScientific Software International TESTFACTWeb browser softwareWinsteps
Representative tasks
Providing Consultation and Advice to OthersGetting InformationMaking Decisions and Solving ProblemsEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersAnalyzing Data or InformationWorking with ComputersCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesProcessing InformationUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkCoaching and Developing OthersTraining and Teaching OthersDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsDeveloping and Building TeamsDocumenting/Recording InformationJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeopleStaffing Organizational UnitsIdentifying Objects, Actions, and EventsThinking CreativelyGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersSelling or Influencing OthersResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersScheduling Work and ActivitiesPerforming Administrative ActivitiesEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationMonitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesAssisting and Caring for OthersPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicPerforming General Physical ActivitiesInspecting Equipment, Structures, or MaterialsControlling Machines and ProcessesHandling and Moving ObjectsRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentRepairing and Maintaining Mechanical EquipmentOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment
Competency framework
Skill expectations by proficiency level.
emerging
Job analysis data — collect and organize using structured interview protocols and observation checklists under faculty or senior psychologist supervision in an organizational field site.Psychological assessment instruments — administer and score using standardized procedures under direct oversight during entry-level employee selection projects.Statistical software packages — apply basic descriptive and inferential analyses to workplace program evaluation datasets under the guidance of a supervising I-O psychologist.Interview techniques and rating scales — review existing tools and identify alignment with position requirements when supporting a selection program development team.Personnel and human resources literature — read and summarize peer-reviewed research to inform evidence-based recommendations for client organizations.Survey instruments — distribute and compile responses from workers to gather preliminary job satisfaction and task requirement data under structured direction.Spreadsheet and database software — enter, clean, and retrieve employee assessment data to support ongoing HR analytics projects in a corporate or consulting environment.Oral and written research summaries — prepare and present findings from job analyses and program reviews to supervisors and project teams in professional settings.Classification criteria — assist in drafting preliminary selection standards by applying foundational knowledge of personnel law and validated testing principles.Organizational behavior concepts — recognize patterns in employee performance and satisfaction data when supporting team-level diagnostics under experienced practitioner oversight.
developing
Employee selection programs — design and implement validated screening workflows, including structured interviews and cognitive assessments, for mid-sized organizational clients with limited oversight.Statistical models and analytical software — apply multivariate techniques to evaluate the predictive validity and adverse impact of selection instruments in live HR program evaluations.Rating scale development — construct and pilot behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) aligned to job-specific competencies derived from systematic job analysis activities.Job requirements analysis — conduct full-cycle job analysis interviews and task inventories with incumbent workers and supervisors to establish classification and promotion criteria.Program effectiveness data — interpret quantitative and qualitative outcomes to advise HR managers on workforce intervention improvements within a familiar organizational context.Management consultation — prepare and deliver recommendations on personnel policies and their operational impacts to departmental leaders in corporate or government settings.Training needs assessments — analyze skill gaps identified through job analysis and performance data to support development of targeted employee learning programs.Organizational change initiatives — facilitate structured workshops and stakeholder engagement sessions to support culture and process improvement efforts across work units.Psychological test batteries — select, validate, and administer appropriate assessment tools for employee placement and promotion decisions with routine peer review.Research findings — translate emerging I-O psychology literature into actionable policy briefs and evidence-based practice guidelines for internal HR teams.
proficient
Selection and placement programs — autonomously design, validate, and continuously refine end-to-end employee selection systems that meet legal defensibility and predictive accuracy standards across diverse organizational contexts.Complex validation studies — lead criterion-related and construct validity research using advanced statistical applications, including structural equation modeling and item response theory, to ensure assessment instrument integrity.Non-routine workforce problems — apply inductive and deductive reasoning to diagnose ambiguous organizational performance issues and develop custom intervention strategies without reliance on prescribed templates.Executive management advisory — advise C-suite and senior HR leadership on the systemic effects of personnel, managerial, and marketing policy decisions on organizational effectiveness and regulatory compliance.Organizational development strategy — facilitate large-scale change management processes, using evidence-based frameworks to align culture, structure, and talent systems with strategic business objectives.Job classification systems — establish and defend comprehensive role taxonomies and competency frameworks that serve selection, training, compensation, and succession planning functions across an enterprise.Psychological testing ethics and law — evaluate assessment programs for compliance with EEOC guidelines, ADA requirements, and professional standards, and resolve legal or ethical conflicts that arise in practice.Stakeholder communication — synthesize complex psychometric and organizational data into compelling written reports and oral presentations that influence decision-making at board and executive levels.Cross-functional research teams — coordinate interdisciplinary projects involving HR, legal, operations, and data science professionals to deliver integrated workforce analytics solutions.Mentorship and technical guidance — provide substantive coaching and peer review to junior I-O psychologists and graduate interns on research design, assessment development, and client engagement.
advanced
Enterprise talent strategy — set the vision and governance structure for organization-wide selection, development, and succession systems that align human capital investment with long-term strategic priorities.Competency framework architecture — lead the design and adoption of enterprise-level competency models that define role standards, performance benchmarks, and promotion criteria across global or multi-site organizations.Field-level innovation — originate and publish novel assessment methodologies, psychometric advances, or organizational intervention models that expand the evidence base of applied I-O psychology.Organizational transformation leadership — direct complex, multi-year change initiatives affecting thousands of employees, integrating psychological science, change management theory, and executive stakeholder alignment.Policy and regulatory influence — advise government agencies, professional associations, and legislative bodies on best-practice standards for workplace testing, selection fairness, and employment law compliance.People analytics ecosystem — establish the strategic infrastructure, data governance standards, and analytical capabilities that enable evidence-based workforce decision-making at the organizational or sector level.Executive talent advisory — serve as a principal consultant to boards and executive leadership on CEO succession, senior team effectiveness, and organizational culture transformation at enterprise scale.Practitioner community development — design curricula, professional development pathways, and mentorship programs that build I-O psychology capacity within an organization, consulting firm, or academic institution.Cross-sector research partnerships — forge and lead collaborative research alliances between industry, academia, and government to address systemic workforce challenges using rigorous scientific methodology.Ethical and professional standards leadership — champion and institutionalize ethical frameworks, DEI-informed assessment practices, and professional conduct standards that shape the culture and accountability of the I-O psychology discipline.
Also known as
27 alternate job titles map to this occupation.
Consulting PsychologistEngineering PsychologistHR Consultant (Human Resources Consultant)HR OD Consultant (Human Resources Organizational Development Consultant)HR Psychologist (Human Resources Psychologist)I-O Practitioner (Industrial-Organizational Practitioner)I-O Psychologist (Industrial-Organizational Psychologist)Industrial PsychologistLearning and Organizational Development Specialist (Learning and OD Specialist)Management ConsultantManagement PsychologistOccupational PsychologistOrganizational ConsultantOrganizational Development Analyst (OD Analyst)Organizational Development and Training Specialist (OD and Training Specialist)Organizational Development Consultant (OD Consultant)Organizational Development Specialist (OD Specialist)Organizational PsychologistOrganizational Research ConsultantPersonnel PsychologistPersonnel Research PsychologistPolicy AdvisorPolicy OfficerPsychologistResearch ScientistStaffing ConsultantTraining Specialist